Every Homeowner Should Know
Reviewing a roofing estimate can often feel overwhelming—especially when unfamiliar industry jargon is involved. The roofing profession, particularly in Arizona, comes with its own set of terms that may not be immediately clear to homeowners. This guide outlines the most common roofing terms to help residents in Scottsdale, Phoenix, and surrounding areas better understand the language of roofing and make informed decisions with confidence.
The base layer of the roof, usually made of plywood or OSB (oriented strand board), to which all other roofing components are attached.
A protective barrier installed between the decking and the outer roofing material (like shingles). It helps keep water out.
Thin metal strips placed around chimneys, vents, skylights, and valleys to direct water away from vulnerable areas.
The outermost layer of the roof that protects against rain, sun, and wind. Shingles can be asphalt, tile, metal, or wood.
A metal flashing installed at the edge of the roof to guide water into the gutters and prevent it from getting under the roofing materials.
The highest point of the roof where two sloping sides meet.
The internal angle formed by the intersection of two roof slopes. Valleys need extra protection from leaks.
The most common roofing material in the U.S.—affordable, durable, and available in many styles.
Popular in Arizona for its heat resistance and long lifespan. Often made from clay or concrete.
Used on flat or low-slope roofs, this lightweight material provides excellent insulation and waterproofing.
A white, reflective membrane commonly used on commercial flat roofs for its energy efficiency.
A type of asphalt roofing used mostly on flat roofs—durable and often applied in layers.
Removing the existing roofing system entirely before installing a new one.
Installing new shingles over an existing layer of shingles (only allowed if the roof is in decent condition and meets code).
The steepness of a roof, expressed as a ratio (e.g., 6:12 means 6 inches of vertical rise for every 12 inches of horizontal run).
A special underlayment used in valleys and around penetrations for added water protection.
Bubbling or raised areas on shingles caused by trapped moisture or heat.
Some roofing buzzwords sound impressive but can be misleading. Here’s what they really mean:
The key parts include decking, underlayment, shingles, flashing, drip edge, ridge, valleys, eaves, and soffits. Each plays a role in protecting your home from the elements.
Common buzzwords include “lifetime warranty,” “architectural shingles,” “cool roof,” and “ice and water shield.” These terms often sound impressive but should be clarified during your consultation to avoid misunderstandings.
A square in roofing equals 100 square feet. For example, a 2,000 square foot roof is 20 squares. Roofing materials are typically sold and priced by the square.
This is the same as above, but if you want a second variation for better SEO:
A square is the standard measurement in roofing.
1 square = 100 square feet of roof surface area. It’s how contractors estimate materials and costs.
Understanding basic roofing terms helps you make informed decisions—and that’s especially important in a climate like Arizona’s, where heat, sun, and storm damage can all affect the longevity of your roof. At Capstone Roofing, based right here in Scottsdale, we break it all down in plain English and offer expert service you can trust across the Phoenix metro area.
Capstone Roofing is here to help you navigate your next roofing project with confidence and clarity.
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We believe trust starts with transparency. That’s why we take the time to explain every term, every material, and every step of your roofing project—without the jargon or high-pressure sales tactics.
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Licensed, Bonded & Insured Across Arizona and Member of the ARCA
Backed by Decades of Industry Experience
Trusted by Homeowners in Phoenix, Scottsdale, Mesa, and beyond
Known for Clear Communication, Honest Estimates, and Lasting Workmanship
Whether you’re dealing with storm damage, upgrading your roof, or just comparing quotes, you deserve a contractor who explains things clearly and puts your needs first.